Randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled trial of intravenous ondansetron for the prevention of intrathecal chemotherapy-induced vomiting in children

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/oncology
R I ParkerM P Atlas

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of intravenous ondansetron in preventing vomiting after the administration of intrathecal chemotherapy in children. Twenty-six children (ages 18 mo to 15 y) receiving intrathecal chemotherapy with either methotrexate or the combination of methotrexate, hydrocortisone, and Ara-C for the prophylactic treatment of central nervous system leukemia were randomly assigned to receive an infusion of normal saline or ondansetron at one of two doses (0.15 or 0.45 mg/kg) 30 minutes before undergoing the procedure. One hundred forty-six infusions were administered (51 placebo, 47 at the lower ondansetron dose, and 48 at the higher dose). Each patient acted as his or her own control, and each patient was studied at least three times. Twenty-three of 26 patients (88.5%) had postprocedural vomiting on at least one occasion. At least one episode of vomiting occurred during the 24 hours after the procedure in fifty-two of the procedures (35.6%). The incidence of vomiting was significantly greater after infusion of placebo than after either low-dose or high-dose ondansetron. The likelihood of severe vomiting was even more significantly reduced by the preadministration of ondansetron. Al...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 18, 2007·Supportive Care in Cancer : Official Journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer·Susann B HaslerRoland A Ammann
Mar 25, 2008·Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management·Ira Todd Cohen
May 6, 2014·Experimental Brain Research·Erin M RockLinda A Parker
Jul 24, 2008·Pediatric Blood & Cancer·Kim NagelRonald D Barr
Apr 6, 2011·Pediatric Blood & Cancer·L Lee DupuisUNKNOWN Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario
Mar 21, 2013·Pediatric Blood & Cancer·L Lee DupuisUNKNOWN Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario
Jun 1, 2017·Pediatric Blood & Cancer·Melanie Brooke Bernhardt
Feb 3, 2016·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Robert S PhillipsBarry Pizer
Sep 25, 2004·Pediatric Blood & Cancer·Emmanuel S AntonarakisRichard D W Hain
Aug 28, 2016·Supportive Care in Cancer : Official Journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer·L Lee DupuisMarianne van de Wetering

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