Range compensation for backscattering measurements in the difference-frequency nearfield of a parametric sonar

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Kenneth G Foote

Abstract

Measurement of acoustic backscattering properties of targets requires removal of the range dependence of echoes. This process is called range compensation. For conventional sonars making measurements in the transducer farfield, the compensation removes effects of geometrical spreading and absorption. For parametric sonars consisting of a parametric acoustic transmitter and a conventional-sonar receiver, two additional range dependences require compensation when making measurements in the nonlinearly generated difference-frequency nearfield: an apparently increasing source level and a changing beamwidth. General expressions are derived for range compensation functions in the difference-frequency nearfield of parametric sonars. These are evaluated numerically for a parametric sonar whose difference-frequency band, effectively 1-6 kHz, is being used to observe Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) in situ. Range compensation functions for this sonar are compared with corresponding functions for conventional sonars for the cases of single and multiple scatterers. Dependences of these range compensation functions on the parametric sonar transducer shape, size, acoustic power density, and hydrography are investigated. Parametric range c...Continue Reading

References

Apr 6, 2007·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Kenneth G FootePhilip R Atkins
May 3, 2007·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Egil OnaGeir Pedersen
Apr 8, 2010·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Olav Rune GodoRuben Patel

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Citations

Oct 18, 2014·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Kenneth G Foote

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