Rapid conversion and reversible conjugation of glutathione detoxification of microcystins in bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis)

Aquatic Toxicology
Wei LiLaiyan Wu

Abstract

The glutathione and cysteine conjugates of microcystin (MC-GSH and MC-Cys, respectively) are two important metabolites in the detoxification of microcystins (MCs). Although studies have quantitated both conjugates, the reason why the amounts of MC-GSH are much lower than those of MC-Cys in various animal organs remains unknown. In this study, MC-RR-GSH and MC-RR-Cys were respectively i.p. injected into the cyanobacteria-eating bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis), to explore the biotransformation and detoxification mechanisms of the two conjugates. The contents of MC-RR, MC-RR-GSH, MC-RR-Cys and MC-RR-N-acetyl-cysteine (MC-RR-Nac, the acetylation product of MC-RR-Cys) in the liver, kidney, intestine and blood of bighead carp in both groups were quantified via liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). In the MC-RR-GSH-treated group, the MC-RR-Cys content in the kidney increased 96.7-fold from 0.25 to 0.5h post-injection, demonstrating that MC-RR-GSH acts as a highly reactive intermediate and is rapidly converted to MC-RR-Cys. The presence of MC-RR in both MC-RR-GSH- and MC-RR-Cys-treated groups indicates, for the first time, that MC conjugation with the thiol of GSH/Cys is a reversible process i...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 20, 2014·Aquatic Toxicology·Thomas Sadler, Eric von Elert
Sep 7, 2014·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Toxicology & Pharmacology : CBP·Xing LuZongbin Cui
Oct 23, 2015·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Xiaochun GuoCheng Zeng
Jun 26, 2014·Environmental Toxicology·Shangchun LiLiang Chen
Nov 2, 2015·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Liang ChenPing Xie
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Dec 17, 2014·Toxins·Justine R SchmidtGregory L Boyer
Nov 7, 2018·Environmental Research·Leticia Díez-QuijadaAna M Cameán
Aug 20, 2019·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Marise Margareth SakuraguiMarisa Narciso Fernandes
Nov 5, 2020·Toxins·Shuaishuai XuLi Tian
Mar 18, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Shihui ChenRenbin Liu
Mar 20, 2021·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Toxicology & Pharmacology : CBP·H ZaidiH Nasri
May 17, 2021·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Latife KökerMeriç Albay

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