Rapid Divergence Followed by Adaptation to Contrasting Ecological Niches of Two Closely Related Columbine Species Aquilegia japonica and A. oxysepala

Genome Biology and Evolution
Ming-Rui LiLin-Feng Li

Abstract

Elucidating the mechanisms underlying the genetic divergence between closely related species is crucial to understanding the origin and evolution of biodiversity. The genus Aquilegia L. has undergone rapid adaptive radiation, generating about 70 well-recognized species that are specialized to distinct habitats and pollinators. In this study, to address the underlying evolutionary mechanisms that drive the genetic divergence, we analyzed the whole genomes of two ecologically isolated Aquilegia species, A. oxysepala and A. japonica as well as their putative hybrid. Our comparative genomic analyses reveal that while the two species diverged only recently and experienced recurrent gene flow, a high level of genetic divergence is observed in their nuclear genomes. In particular, candidate genomic regions that show signature of selection differ dramatically between the two species. Given that the splitting time of the two species is broadly matched with the decrease in effective population sizes, we propose that allopatric isolation together with natural selection have preceded the interspecific gene flow in the process of speciation. The observed high genetic divergence is likely an outcome of combined effects of natural selection, ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 16, 2021·Applications in Plant Sciences·Wei ZhangHongxing Xiao

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
PRJNA433751

Methods Mentioned

BETA
dissection
two hybrids
two hybrid

Software Mentioned

R package Circos
Perl
SMC
Perl scripts
FastQC
NGStoolkit
BWA
custom Perl scripts
R package qqman
RAxML

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