Rapid solid-state synthesis of tantalum, chromium, and molybdenum nitrides

Inorganic Chemistry
J L O'LoughlinR B Kaner

Abstract

Solid-state metathesis (exchange) reactions can be used to synthesize many different transition-metal nitrides under ambient conditions including TiN, ZrN, and NbN. Typical metathesis reactions reach temperatures of greater than 1300 degrees C in a fraction of a second to produce these refractory materials in highly crystalline form. Likely due to the large amount of heat produced in these solid-state reactions, some transition-metal nitrides such as TaN, CrN, and gamma-Mo(2)N cannot easily be synthesized under ambient conditions. Here metathesis reactions are demonstrated to produce the cubic nitrides TaN, CrN, and gamma-Mo(2)N when sufficient pressure is applied before the reaction is initiated. By pressing a pellet of TaCl(5) and Li(3)N with an embedded iron wire, crystalline cubic TaN forms under 45 kbar of pressure after a small current is used to initiate the chemical reaction. Crystalline cubic CrN is synthesized from CrCl(3) and Li(3)N initiated under 49 kbar of pressure. Crystalline gamma-Mo(2)N is produced from MoCl(5) and Ca(3)N(2) (since MoCl(5) and Li(3)N self-detonate) initiated under 57 kbar of pressure. The addition of ammonium chloride to these metathesis reactions drastically lowers the pressure requirements f...Continue Reading

References

Feb 28, 1992·Science·J B Wiley, R B Kaner

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Citations

Nov 26, 2002·Nature·Ping ChenKuang Lee Tan
Mar 19, 2013·Nanoscale Research Letters·Young-Jun LeeJong-Hyeon Lee
Jun 7, 2011·Dalton Transactions : an International Journal of Inorganic Chemistry·Gang LianQilong Wang
Oct 16, 2002·Inorganic Chemistry·Pavel Afanasiev
Apr 15, 2003·Inorganic Chemistry·Rebecca A JanesRichard B Kaner
Oct 20, 2004·Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids·Qinghong Zhang, Lian Gao

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