Rapidly progressive cognitive impairment caused by intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs): a case report

Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
Zhi-Juan ChengJuan Li

Abstract

Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs), constituting approximately 10 to15% of intracranial vascular malformations, are anomalous direct connections between dural arteries and venous sinuses, meningeal veins, or cortical veins; the arterial feeders are various, usually fed by branches of internal carotid, external carotid, or vertebral artery (Santillan et al. CNN 115(3):241-251, 2013; Holoekamp et al. JN 124(6):1752-65, 2016; Terada T et al. JN 80(5):884-9, 1994). Spectrums of clinical presentations are widespread, arranging from pulsatile tinnitus to intracranial hemorrhage. Such DAVFs with rapidly progressive dementia as primary presentation, which has been reported in several literature, are still extremely scarce (Santillan et al. CNN 115(3):241-251, 2013; Holoekamp et al JN 124(6):1752-65, 2016). Up to 2015, similar reports are less than 20 cases (Holoekamp et al. JN 124(6):1752-65, 2016). Herein, we report a patient who was misdiagnosed with encephalitis, presented thalamic dementia, and was ultimately diagnosed of DAVFs.

References

May 1, 1994·Journal of Neurosurgery·T TeradaG B Hieshima
Jan 22, 2009·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·Alice B SmithSteven J Goldstein
Aug 20, 2009·Neuroradiology·Yutaka KaiYoshihiko Yoshii
Jan 5, 2013·Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery·Alejandro SantillanHoward A Riina
Nov 21, 2015·Journal of Neurosurgery·Terrence F HolekampGregory J Zipfel

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