Ras-dependent activation of the small GTPase Ral

Current Biology : CB
R M WolthuisJ L Bos

Abstract

The small GTPase Ral is a Ras-like GTPase [1] that has been implicated in growth-factor-induced and Ras-induced DNA synthesis [2-4], and Ras-induced oncogenic transformation [3,5]. Recently, we and others found that three different Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Ral GEFs) - Ral GDS, Rgl and Rlf - bind specifically to the GTP-bound form of several Ras-like GTPases [6-9]. Although oncogenic Ras is able to activate these Ral GEFs [2,5,10], it is unknown whether growth factors can induce the activation of Ral and, if so, which small GTPase is involved in this process. Here, we show that stimulation of various growth factor receptors, including receptor tyrosine kinases and serpentine receptors, results in rapid activation of Ral. This activation correlates with the activation of Ras, and dominant-negative Ras completely inhibits Ral activation induced by insulin and epidermal growth factor (EGF). From these results, we conclude that Ral activation is a direct downstream effect of growth-factor-induced Ras activation.

References

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Dec 12, 1997·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·J L Bos
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Citations

Mar 24, 1999·Trends in Neurosciences·P C OrbanR Brambilla
Sep 16, 2000·Cellular Signalling·C A Ellis, G Clark
Jul 31, 2003·Trends in Cell Biology·Larry A Feig
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Apr 22, 2005·Biological Chemistry·Klaudia Giehl
Sep 26, 2002·Journal of Neurosurgery·Stacey A WoodsAbhijit Guha
May 2, 2003·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jan CzyzykKim Bottomly
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Jul 14, 2010·International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics·Ambrose R KiddAdrienne D Cox
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Mar 22, 2015·Journal of Biochemistry·Ryutaro Shirakawa, Hisanori Horiuchi
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