RDH1 suppresses adiposity by promoting brown adipose adaptation to fasting and re-feeding

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
Charles R KroisJoseph L Napoli

Abstract

RDH1 is one of the several enzymes that catalyze the first of the two reactions to convert retinol into all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA). Here, we show that Rdh1-null mice fed a low-fat diet gain more weight as adiposity (17% males, 13% females) than wild-type mice by 20 weeks old, despite neither consuming more calories nor decreasing activity. Glucose intolerance and insulin resistance develop following increased adiposity. Despite the increase in white fat pads, epididymal white adipose does not express Rdh1, nor does muscle. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) and liver express Rdh1 at relatively high levels compared to other tissues. Rdh1 ablation lowered body temperatures during ambient conditions. Given the decreased body temperature, we focused on BAT. A lack of differences in BAT adipogenic gene expression between Rdh1-null mice and wild-type mice, including Pparg, Prdm16, Zfp516 and Zfp521, indicated that the phenotype was not driven by brown adipose hyperplasia. Rather, Rdh1 ablation eliminated the increase in BAT atRA that occurs after re-feeding. This disruption of atRA homeostasis increased fatty acid uptake, but attenuated lipolysis in primary brown adipocytes, resulting in increased lipid content and larger lipid droplets....Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 28, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Joan RibotMaria Luisa Bonet
Oct 20, 2020·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Carsten T Herz, Florian W Kiefer
Mar 3, 2020·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids·M Luisa BonetAndreu Palou
Aug 23, 2021·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Yaxin ZhaoJoseph L Napoli
Jun 1, 2021·Nutrition Research Reviews·Torsten BohnJoanna Dulińska-Litewka

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
genotyping
Assay
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Antibody Sampler
Protein Assay
RNAseq
GTPase
GTPases

Software Mentioned

EchoMRI Whole Composition Analyzer
Image [UNK] Lite
ImageJ
Graph Pad Prism
Cufflinks
SPOTS
Oxymax
Bitplane IMARIS
Tophat

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