Reassessing critiques of the independent probe method for studying inhibition.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
Ean Huddleston, Michael C Anderson

Abstract

Inhibitory processes have been proposed to play an important role in resolving interference during retrieval (M. C. Anderson, 2003; M. C. Anderson & Spellman, 1995). Supporting this view, retrieval induces a negative aftereffect on competing items known as retrieval-induced forgetting (M. C. Anderson, Bjork, & Bjork, 1994). Retrieval-induced forgetting often generalizes to novel cues used to test the forgotten items, and this cue independence is considered diagnostic of inhibition. This interpretation of cue independence assumes, however, that these novel cues (i.e., independent probes) are truly independent of the original cues. Challenging this assumption, Camp, Pecher, Schmidt, and Zeelenberg (2009) reported that extralist cuing test performance can be influenced by increasing the accessibility of other nonpresented cues. Here we consider this evidence for nonindependence and the conditions under which it occurs. We present two experiments demonstrating that this cue enhancement effect arises exclusively whenever independent probes have uncontrolled semantic relationships to the study cues of the sort that are specifically proscribed by the method--relationships not at all detected by association norms. When such relationshi...Continue Reading

Citations

May 4, 2012·Memory & Cognition·Benjamin C Storm, Benjamin J Levy
Jun 27, 2012·Memory & Cognition·Tanya R JonkerColin M Macleod
Dec 3, 2014·Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry·Jonathan M FawcettMichael C Anderson
Jan 10, 2017·Experimental Aging Research·Malcolm D MacLeod, Jo Saunders
Feb 22, 2017·Experimental Psychology·Saima Noreen, Jan W de Fockert

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