Recall Latencies, Confidence, and Output Positions of True and False Memories: Implications for Recall and Metamemory Theories.

Journal of Memory and Language
Jerwen Jou

Abstract

Recall latency, recall accuracy rate, and recall confidence were examined in free recall as a function of recall output serial position using a modified Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm to test a strength-based theory against the dual-retrieval process theory of recall output sequence. The strength theory predicts the item output sequence to be in the descending order of memory strength. The dual-retrieval process theory postulates two phases in a free recall, a first direct access phase in which items are output verbatim in the weakest-to-strongest order (cognitive triage) and a second reconstructive phase in which reconstructed items are output in the strongest-to-weakest order. In three experiments, all three indicators of memory strength (latency, accuracy, and confidence) consistently showed a descending-strength order of recall both for true and false memories. Additionally, false memory was found to be output in two phases and subjects' confidence judgment of their own memory to be unaccountable by retrieval fluency (recall latency).

References

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Jul 1, 1996·Memory & Cognition·W Donaldson
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Nov 24, 2004·Memory & Cognition·Jerwen JouRyan L Zimmerman
May 25, 2005·Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition·C J Brainerd, Ron Wright

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Citations

May 27, 2009·Memory·Tammy A MarcheJennifer L Briere
Nov 26, 2010·Consciousness and Cognition·Jerwen Jou
Mar 12, 2021·Cognition·Wanling Zou, Sudeep Bhatia
Mar 13, 2021·Memory·Marina C WimmerTimothy J Hollins
Mar 30, 2021·Frontiers in Psychology·Levi Riven, Roberto G de Almeida

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