Recent advances in active specific cancer vaccine treatment for colorectal cancer

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Kiyotaka OkunoYusuke Nakamura

Abstract

Cloning techniques to identify genes and peptides of tumor-associated antigens have created new possibilities for the immunotherapy of patients with advanced cancer. Here, we review recent clinical trials of specific cancer vaccines, mainly HLA-restricted peptides, and epitope-encoding vectors for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Many researchers initially focused on carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as an immunologic target antigen that is overexpressed on virtually all CRCs. A recombinant vaccine containing the CEA gene and dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with CEA peptide was administered to patients with CEA-elevated CRC. Although CEA-specific responses were detected, the clinical responses were limited. Recently, new types of clinical trials--namely, a personalized protocol to take into account the immunological diversity of cytotoxic T cell responses among patients and a novel cancer-testis antigen protocol that uses multiple peptides derived from genes identified by the cDNA array method--have been introduced. The personalized protocol seemed to be better than the classical (non-personalized) protocol in terms of clinical response and survival. Novel cancer-testis antigen protocols that use multiple CRC-derived peptides were r...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 29, 2013·Pathology Oncology Research : POR·János HunyadiEva Rajnavölgyi
Dec 19, 2014·Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs·Manik Amin, Albert Craig Lockhart
Mar 1, 2017·Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research : CR·Yoshitaro ShindoHiroaki Nagano
Jan 10, 2019·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Sandra WagnerMichael Linnebacher

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