Recent advances in the mechanisms of neuroinflammation and their roles in neurodegeneration

Neurochemistry International
Rituraj Niranjan

Abstract

Neuroinflammation is associated with the pathogenesis of many neurological disorders including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Huntington disease. Current studies in this area have advanced the mechanism of neuroinflammation and its role in neurodegeneration. Studies from epidemiologic, clinical and animal models also contributed in the various new mechanisms of neuroinflammation. In this line, activation of monocytes is an important emerging mechanism that has a, profound role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Ion channels, matrix metalloproteases and microRNAs are also found to be the key players in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation. In particular, microRNA-32 regulates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and thus neurodegeneration. Notably, some important studies describe the role of Th17 cells in neuroinflammation, but, very little knowledge is available about their mechanism of action. Particularly, the role of autophagy gets emphasized, which plays a very critical role in protein aggregation and neurodegeneration. In this review, we highlight and discuss the mechanisms of these mediators of inflammation by which they contribute to the disease progression. In concl...Continue Reading

Citations

Jun 30, 2019·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Huaiqing LuoJin Xu
Apr 13, 2019·Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry·Niraj Kumar JhaRituraj Niranjan
Sep 20, 2020·Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology·Yu GuoUNKNOWN Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
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May 31, 2021·Neurochemistry International·Charles Elias AssmannIvana Beatrice Mânica da Cruz
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