Recent advances of immunotherapy for biliary tract cancer.

Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alessandro RizzoGiovanni Brandi

Abstract

Introduction: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is a heterogeneous group of aggressive malignancies comprising intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder cancer, and ampulla of Vater cancer. Although recent years have witnessed the emergence of novel treatment targets, medical therapy remains a compelling challenge in these hepatobiliary malignancies. In order to provide more effective treatment options, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are currently under investigation in advanced BTC, with controversial results reported so far.Areas covered: This review provides an overview regarding current scenario of ICIs and immune-based combinations in advanced BTC, where several novel treatments are currently being developed, some of which have suggested interesting efficacy in recent clinical trials. In addition, we provide a report of ongoing Phase I to III clinical trials assessing ICIs and new immunotherapeutic strategies for advanced BTC.Expert opinion: Although immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape of several hematological and solid tumors, the role of ICIs and immune-based combinations in advanced BTC is still unclear. Despite ICI monotherapy has reported limited efficacy in this ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 28, 2021·Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets·Corentin LouisCédric Coulouarn
Feb 12, 2021·Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Alessandro Rizzo, Giovanni Brandi
Feb 17, 2021·Cancer Treatment and Research Communications·Alessandro Rizzo, Giovanni Brandi
Feb 17, 2021·Cancer Treatment and Research Communications·Alessandro Rizzo, Giovanni Brandi
Mar 2, 2021·Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs·Alessandro RizzoGiovanni Brandi
Apr 4, 2021·Cancers·Alice BoilèveDavid Malka
May 1, 2021·Vaccines·Oraianthi FisteFlora Zagouri
Jun 26, 2021·Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs·Alessandro RizzoGiovanni Brandi
Jul 17, 2021·Frontiers in Oncology·Hang LiJin-He Guo
Sep 24, 2021·Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Alessandro RizzoGiovanni Brandi
Nov 19, 2021·Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs·Alessandro Rizzo, Angela Dalia Ricci

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