PMID: 19928684Nov 26, 2009Paper

Recent advances of multiple sclerosis research in Japan

Rinshō shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology
Jun-Ichi Kira

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is rare in Asians, but selective and severe involvement of the optic nerve and spinal cord is characteristic when it does occur. Recent epidemiological studies have demonstrated an increase in the prevalence of MS in Japan. Moreover, while there are two distinct phenotypes of MS in Asians, opticospinal (OSMS) and conventional (CMS), it is important to determine if MS phenotypes in Japanese are presently undergoing change. Four nationwide surveys of MS have been conducted in Japan: 1972, 1982, 1989, and 2004. The most recent survey demonstrated: (1) a four-fold increase in the estimated number of clinically definite MS patients in 2003 (9.900; crude MS prevalence. 7.7/100.000) compared to the numbers in 1972; (2) a shift in the peak age at onset from the early 30s in 1989 to the early 20s in 2003; (3) a successive proportional decrease in optic-spinal involvement; (4) a significant north-south gradient for the CMS/OSMS ratio: (5) after dividing the mainland (30-45 degrees North) into northern and southern parts at 37 degrees N, northern-born northern-residents (northern patients) showed a significantly higher CMS/OSMS ratio and higher frequency of brain lesions fulfilling the Barkhof criteria (Barkhof bra...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 27, 2010·Journal of Receptor and Signal Transduction Research·Reza Rastmanesh
Jul 27, 2011·Medical Hypotheses·B BuchterJ Li

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