Reciprocal Negative Regulation Between Lmx1a and Lmo4 Is Required for Inner Ear Formation

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
Yanhan HuangDoris K Wu

Abstract

LIM-domain containing transcription factors (LIM-TFs) are conserved factors important for embryogenesis. The specificity of these factors in transcriptional regulation is conferred by the complexes that they form with other proteins such as LIM-domain-binding (Ldb) proteins and LIM-domain only (LMO) proteins. Unlike LIM-TFs, these proteins do not bind DNA directly. LMO proteins are negative regulators of LIM-TFs and function by competing with LIM-TFs for binding to Ldb's. Although the LIM-TF Lmx1a is expressed in the developing mouse hindbrain, which provides many of the extrinsic signals for inner ear formation, conditional knock-out embryos of both sexes show that the inner ear source of Lmx1a is the major contributor of ear patterning. In addition, we have found that the reciprocal interaction between Lmx1a and Lmo4 (a LMO protein within the inner ear) mediates the formation of both vestibular and auditory structures. Lmo4 negatively regulates Lmx1a to form the three sensory cristae, the anterior semicircular canal, and the shape of the utricle in the vestibule. Furthermore, this negative regulation blocks ectopic sensory formation in the cochlea. In contrast, Lmx1a negatively regulates Lmo4 in mediating epithelial resorptio...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 4, 2020·Biomolecules·Rogers Brown, Andrew K Groves
Jun 12, 2020·Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience·Fiorella Carla GrandiMirna Mustapha
Oct 14, 2020·Development·Filippo CasoniG Giacomo Consalez
May 1, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Karen L ElliottBernd Fritzsch

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Auditory Perception

Auditory perception is the ability to receive and interpret information attained by the ears. Here is the latest research on factors and underlying mechanisms that influence auditory perception.