Reciprocal regulation of the mouse protamine genes by the orphan nuclear receptor germ cell nuclear factor and CREMtau

Molecular Reproduction and Development
G Hummelke, Austin J Cooney

Abstract

Germ cell nuclear factor (GCNF) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, which is expressed in the adult predominantly in the male and female germ cells. In the male, GCNF is expressed in spermatogenic cells. GCNF binds as a homodimer to direct repeat response elements of the consensus half-site sequence, AGGTCA, with 0 bp spacing (DR0). Using this information, a search of genomic databases was performed to identify candidate GCNF responsive, spermatogenic-specific, genes that contain DR0 sequences. The mouse protamine genes are the strongest candidates identified to date, as they are post-meiotically expressed in round spermatids and contain DR0 elements in their proximal promoters. Previous work has shown that both recombinant and endogenous GCNF bind to DR0 elements in the mouse protamine 1 and 2 (Prm 1 and Prm 2) promoters with high affinity and specificity. The present work shows that in transient transfection assays in GC-1 and JEG-3 cells, co-transfection of a GCNF-VP16 expression plasmid with reporter plasmids containing either the wild type Prm 1 or Prm 2 promoter established that GCNF-VP16 is able to regulate transcription from both promoters in a DR0-dependent manner. Wild type GCNF, in contrast, acts as a re...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Sep 14, 2013·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology·Qin Wang, Austin J Cooney
Jan 15, 2010·Nucleic Acids Research·Mirjana RajkovicJoachim M Weitzel
May 4, 2006·BMC Bioinformatics·Yi LuStephen A Krawetz
Aug 9, 2006·Molecular Reproduction and Development·Marianna RodovaGustavo Blanco
Dec 19, 2009·Molecular Reproduction and Development·Sang In LeeJae Yong Han
Sep 13, 2005·Molecular Reproduction and Development·Christina Zechel
Apr 4, 2006·Human Reproduction Update·Rafael Oliva
Sep 7, 2006·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Moritz HentschkeChristian A Hübner
Nov 30, 2006·Pharmacological Reviews·Gérard BenoitVincent Laudet
Jul 19, 2019·Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS·Yinfang WangPeng Zhang
Aug 21, 2014·PloS One·Davood SabourAustin J Cooney

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