Recognition and prevention of nosocomial pneumonia in the intensive care unit and infection control in mechanical ventilation

Critical Care Medicine
Lee E Morrow, M H Kollef

Abstract

Nosocomial pneumonia (NP) is a difficult diagnosis to establish in the critically ill patient due to the presence of underlying cardiopulmonary disorders (e.g., pulmonary contusion, acute respiratory distress syndrome, atelectasis) and the nonspecific radiographic and clinical signs associated with this infection. Additionally, the classification of NP in the intensive care unit setting has become increasingly complex, as the types of patients who develop NP become more diverse. The occurrence of NP is especially problematic as it is associated with a greater risk of hospital mortality, longer lengths of stay on mechanical ventilation and in the intensive care unit, a greater need for tracheostomy, and significantly increased medical care costs. The adverse effects of NP on healthcare outcomes has increased pressure on clinicians and healthcare systems to prevent this infection, as well as other nosocomial infections that complicate the hospital course of patients with respiratory failure. This manuscript will provide a brief overview of the current approaches for the diagnosis of NP and focus on strategies for prevention. Finally, we will provide some guidance on how standardized or protocolized care of mechanically ventilated...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 23, 2011·Critical Care : the Official Journal of the Critical Care Forum·Jean-Yves Fagon
Mar 6, 2012·PloS One·Sabri BousbiaBernard La Scola
Oct 2, 2013·Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine : Peer-reviewed, Official Publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine·Krishna M Sundar, Mazen Sires
Jul 4, 2013·Médecine et maladies infectieuses·Y AlexandreR Le Berre
Apr 10, 2012·Australian Critical Care : Official Journal of the Confederation of Australian Critical Care Nurses·Teresa A Williams
Aug 5, 2010·Critical Care Medicine·Jan E PattersonLisa L Maragakis
Sep 7, 2017·PloS One·Antonella AgodiUNKNOWN GISIO-SItI working group

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