Reconsidering Reciprocal Length Patterns of the Anteromedial and Posterolateral Bundles of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament During In Vivo Gait.

The American Journal of Sports Medicine
Zoë A EnglanderLouis E Defrate

Abstract

Some cadaveric studies have indicated that the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) consists of anteromedial and posterolateral bundles that display reciprocal function with regard to knee flexion. However, several in vivo imaging studies have suggested that these bundles elongate in parallel with regard to flexion. Furthermore, the most appropriate description of the functional anatomy of the ACL is still debated, with the ACL being described as consisting of 2 or 3 bundles or as a continuum of fibers. As long as their origination and termination locations are defined within the ACL attachment site footprints, ACL bundles elongate in parallel with knee extension during gait. Descriptive laboratory study. High-speed biplanar radiographs of the right knee joint were obtained during gait in 6 healthy male participants (mean ± SD: body mass index, 25.5 ± 1.2 kg/m2; age, 29.2 ± 3.8 years) with no history of lower extremity injury or surgery. Three-dimensional models of the right femur, tibia, and ACL attachment sites were created from magnetic resonance images. The bone models were registered to the biplanar radiographs, thereby reproducing the in vivo positions of the knee joint. For each knee position, the distances between the centr...Continue Reading

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