Recruitment patterns of the scapular rotator muscles in freestyle swimmers with subacromial impingement

International Journal of Sports Medicine
D J Wadsworth, J E Bullock-Saxton

Abstract

Athletes with shoulder pathology consistently demonstrate abnormalities in scapular rotator activity, suggesting that muscle dysfunction is a factor to consider in the aetiology or recurrence of shoulder pain. However, one important measure of the coordinated activity between the scapular rotators, their timing or temporal recruitment pattern, remains undetermined. The purposes of this study were to 1. provide normative data on the temporal recruitment pattern of the scapular rotators in freestyle swimmers, 2. determine the effect of a unilateral shoulder injury on this pattern, 3. determine whether these effects extend to the non-injured side, and 4. determine the effect of injury on the consistency (variability) of muscle recruitment. Surface EMG data for the upper and lower trapezius and serratus anterior were recorded bilaterally from two groups of competitive freestyle swimmers during controlled bilateral elevation in the plane of the scapula. An injured group comprising nine swimmers with unilateral shoulder pathology and a control group of nine non-injured swimmers were included. Temporal data determined for the onset of muscle activation for each muscle were then compared between groups using an ANOVA and a one-sided F ...Continue Reading

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