PMID: 526027Nov 1, 1979Paper

Rectal administration of diazepam in solution in the acute treatment of convulsions in infants and children

Archives of Disease in Childhood
F U Knudsen

Abstract

In a prospective study 44 children, aged 6 months to 5 years, admitted to hospital with febrile convulsions or epilepsy, were treated with diazepam in solution administered rectally during 59 generalised attacks. Rectal administration of diazepam was effective in the acute treatment of convulsions in 80% of cases. In 10% the treatment failed, whereas diazepam administered intravenously had prompt effect; another 10% of the convulsions wer resistant to diazepam, irrespective of the route of administration. The therapeutic effect was significantly correlated with the duration of convulsions before treatment started. Early treatment (convulsions less than or equal to 15 minutes) had effect in 96%, and late treatment (convulsions greater than 15 minutes) in 57% of cases. A total of 317 children admitted with febrile convulsions were treated prophylactically with diazepam administered rectally whenever the temperature was greater than or equal to 38.5 degrees C. No case of significant respiratory depression or other serious side effects was observed. The rapid and reliable anticonvulsant effect of diazepam given rectally and the very few side effects makes this treatment a valuable alternative to IV administration in childhood.

References

Aug 1, 1978·Archives of Disease in Childhood·F U Knudsen, S Vestermark
Nov 7, 1974·The New England Journal of Medicine·D J Greenblatt, R I Shader

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Citations

May 1, 1986·Indian Journal of Pediatrics·K Ramakrishnan, K Thomas
Nov 1, 1987·Indian Journal of Pediatrics·F U Knudsen
Nov 1, 1987·Pediatric Neurology·N M Graves, R L Kriel
Apr 1, 1995·Pediatric Neurology·B K AlldredgeD M Ferriero
Nov 5, 2002·Resuscitation·Romergryko G GeocadinDaniel F Hanley
May 19, 2001·Neurologic Clinics·B J Smith
Dec 30, 1993·The New England Journal of Medicine·C A Fischbein, I J Berg
Jun 25, 1998·The New England Journal of Medicine·F E DreifussW E Bell
Mar 1, 1995·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·M Podell
Aug 1, 1997·The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology·E BechgaardR K Hjortkjaer
Oct 24, 2007·Archives of Disease in Childhood·Claire L NovorolRod C Scott
Feb 1, 1981·Archives of Disease in Childhood·D P Addy
Jan 1, 1996·Archives of Disease in Childhood·F U KnudsenJ Andresen
Oct 15, 1998·Archives of Disease in Childhood·R C Tasker
Nov 10, 2001·BMJ : British Medical Journal·M Offringa, V A Moyer
Sep 29, 2001·The Western Journal of Medicine·M Offringa, V A Moyer
Oct 19, 2004·Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry·R F M ChinR C Scott
Oct 1, 1981·Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry·N MilliganJ Oxley
Jun 29, 2013·Journal of Translational Medicine·Stephanie OhlraunMarkus Schuelke
Jan 5, 2010·Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan·Osamu SakataYoshiharu Machida
Nov 1, 1996·Brain & Development·F U Knudsen
Aug 23, 2008·Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy·Osamu SakataYoshiharu Machida
Jan 21, 2011·Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy·Osamu SakataHiraku Onishi
Oct 7, 2005·Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy·Hiraku OnishiYoshiharu Machida
Mar 1, 2016·Current Treatment Options in Neurology·Juan G Ochoa, William A Kilgo
Feb 1, 1994·Annals of Emergency Medicine·R A Dieckmann
Jan 26, 2005·European Journal of Neurology : the Official Journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies·R F M ChinR C Scott
Sep 29, 2011·CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics·Peter Wolf
Mar 1, 1989·The American Journal of Emergency Medicine·A AlbanoJ G Wiegenstein
Mar 1, 1990·The Journal of Emergency Medicine·R S Seigler
Mar 1, 1982·British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology·S DhillonA Richens
Mar 1, 1985·The Journal of Pediatrics·F U Knudsen
Nov 1, 1987·Annals of Emergency Medicine·J A Tilelli, B Edgren
May 1, 1982·Annals of Emergency Medicine·W G BarsanE J Otten
Jul 16, 2014·Seizure : the Journal of the British Epilepsy Association·Devender BhallaPierre-Marie Preux
Apr 25, 2015·Lancet Neurology·John P Betjemann, Daniel H Lowenstein
Feb 13, 2007·Seizure : the Journal of the British Epilepsy Association·Nahin HussainKent Thorburn

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