Recurrent pericarditis: still idiopathic? The pros and cons of a well-honoured term

Internal and Emergency Medicine
Antonio BrucatoAllan L Klein

Abstract

In developed countries, more than 80% of cases of acute pericarditis remain without an established diagnosis after a conventional and standard diagnostic approach. These cases are generally labelled as 'idiopathic', i.e. without a known cause. This lack of information is a matter of concern for both patients and clinicians. Some years ago, this term reflected the state of the art of scientific knowledge on the topic. Advances have changed this point of view, in light of available molecular techniques like polymerase chain reaction able to identify viral cardiotropic agents in pericardial fluid and biopsies. Furthermore, the remarkable efficacy of interleukin-1 antagonists, a therapy targeting the innate immune response, suggests clinical and pathogenic similarity between a proportion of patients with idiopathic recurrent pericarditis and classical autoinflammatory diseases. So, it seems useful to discuss the pros and cons of using the term "idiopathic" in light of the new knowledge.

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Citations

Mar 11, 2019·Current Rheumatology Reports·Norbert Blank, Hanns-Martin Lorenz
Jun 21, 2020·Current Cardiology Reports·Enrico TombettiCarla Carnovale
Feb 23, 2019·Internal and Emergency Medicine·Maddalena Alessandra WuAntonio Brucato
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Jan 11, 2020·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Juan Guido ChiabrandoAntonio Abbate
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Sep 22, 2020·Cardiology in Review·Allan KleinMatthew Magestro

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