Red light at intensities above 10 lx alters sleep-wake behavior in mice

Light, Science & Applications
Ze ZhangZhi-Li Huang

Abstract

Sleep is regulated by two mechanisms: the homeostatic process and the circadian clock. Light affects sleep and alertness by entraining the circadian clock, and acutely inducing sleep/alertness, in a manner mediated by intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. Because intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells are believed to be minimally sensitive to red light, which is widely used for illumination to reduce the photic disturbance to nocturnal animals during the dark phase. However, the appropriate intensity of the red light is unknown. In the present study, we recorded electroencephalograms and electromyograms of freely moving mice to investigate the effects of red light emitted by light-emitting diodes at different intensities and for different durations on the sleep-wake behavior of mice. White light was used as a control. Unexpectedly, red light exerted potent sleep-inducing effects and changed the sleep architecture in terms of the duration and number of sleep episodes, the stage transition, and the EEG power density when the intensity was >20 lx. Subsequently, we lowered the light intensity and demonstrated that red light at or below 10 lx did not affect sleep-wake behavior. White light markedly induce...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 6, 2017·Scientific Reports·Teng FangZhi-Li Huang
Oct 23, 2019·Reports on Progress in Physics·Omar S Magaña-Loaiza, Robert W Boyd
Mar 7, 2020·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Stephanie NiklausNora Denk
May 17, 2019·Neurochemical Research·Zhangqing MaZongyuan Hong
May 10, 2019·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Ze-Ka ChenZhi-Li Huang
Feb 26, 2020·Neuroscience Bulletin·Han GuoZhi-Li Huang
Sep 12, 2020·Scientific Reports·Jinglei YangXiangtian Zhou
Nov 3, 2020·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Ricardo Jesus Martinez-TapiaLuz Navarro
Apr 13, 2021·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Qi XuZhi-Li Huang
Mar 14, 2021·Journal of Neuroscience Research·Ren-Fei WangLu Wang
Aug 27, 2021·Nature Communications·Ze ZhangSamer Hattar
Aug 17, 2021·British Journal of Pharmacology·Yan-Fei YangZhi-Li Huang
Dec 2, 2021·Advanced Healthcare Materials·Yang YangChangyou Zhan

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