Redox-activating dip-pen nanolithography (RA-DPN).

Journal of the American Chemical Society
Adam B BraunschweigChad A Mirkin

Abstract

Dip pen nanolithography (DPN) involves the direct transfer of an ink from a coated atomic force microscope (AFM) tip to a substrate of interest and uses as many as 55,000 pens to form arbitrary patterns of alkanethiols, oligonucleotides, proteins, and viruses. Two limitations of DPN are the difficulty in transporting high molecular weight inks and the need to optimize individually the transport rates and tip inking methods of each molecule. As an alternative strategy that circumvents these two challenges, a method termed redox activating DPN (RA-DPN) is reported. In this strategy, an electrochemically active, quinone functionalized surface is toggled from the reduced hydroquinone form to the oxidized benzoquinone form by the delivery of an oxidant by DPN. While the benzoquinone form is susceptible to nucleophilic attack in Michael-type additions, hydroquinone is not and acts as a passivating agent. Because both forms of the quinone are kinetically stable, the patterned surface can be immersed in a solution of a target containing any strong nucleophile, which will react only where the benzoquinone form persists on the surface. For proof-of-concept demonstrations, quinone surfaces were patterned by the delivery of the oxidant cer...Continue Reading

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Citations

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