Redox albuminomics: oxidized albumin in human diseases

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
Graziano ColomboIsabella Dalle-Donne

Abstract

Albumin is the major contributor to colloid oncotic pressure and also serves as an important carrier protein of many endogenous and exogenous molecules throughout the body. In blood and extravascular fluids, albumin is susceptible to different oxidative modifications, especially thiol oxidation and carbonylation. Because of its metal-binding properties and the redox properties of its Cys34 thiol, albumin displays an important antioxidant activity. As albumin is the predominant protein in most body fluids, its Cys34 represents the largest fraction of free thiols within body fluids. Evidence that albumin oxidation takes place in vivo has been reported only recently. Different redox proteomic, mass spectrometric, and chromatographic techniques have shown albumin redox modifications in various human pathophysiological conditions. As a whole, most data here presented demonstrate that massive albumin oxidation occurs in vivo in different biological fluids and, to some extent, that this process is correlated to organ dysfunction. Recent reports suggest that the albumin redox state may serve as a global biomarker for the redox state in the body in various human diseases. However, further study is required to elucidate the exact relatio...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
bronchoalveolar
lavage
electrophoretic titration
electrophoresis
ELISA
enzyme-linked

Software Mentioned

OxyBlot
Swiss
PdbViewer

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