Redox perturbations in cysteamine-stressed astroglia: implications for inclusion formation and gliosis in the aging brain

Free Radical Biology & Medicine
F ManganaroH M Schipper

Abstract

The aminothiol compound, cysteamine (CSH), induces astrocyte hypertrophy (gliosis) and the appearance of autofluorescent, peroxidase-positive cytoplasmic granules in these cells akin to changes that occur spontaneously in astroglia of the aging periventricular brain. Paradoxically, CSH damages astroglial mitochondria (granule precursors) while protecting these cells from subsequent H2O2 and mechanoenzymatic stress. In this study, in vitro CSH administration significantly increased manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity in cultured astroglia. Immunoblot and Northern analyses indicated that MnSOD protein and mRNA levels were increased in cultured astrocytes after 3-6 days of CSH treatment. Systemic administration of CSH also significantly augmented MnSOD activity in the intact diencephalon. CSH caused a pronounced (6-fold), but transient, increase in the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) in cultured astrocytes. In contrast, catalase and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were suppressed, whereas copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) activity remained unchanged both in cultured astroglia and in the intact diencephalon following CSH treatment. Glutathione peroxidase (GP) activity was increased after 3 and 48 h of ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 14, 1999·Head & Neck·M D SeidmanN A Shirwany
Oct 29, 2000·Experimental Gerontology·H M Schipper
Apr 17, 2004·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Sanjit K DharDaret K St Clair
May 14, 2004·Neuropathology : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology·Takashi IidaToru Iwaki
May 9, 2012·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Sanjit Kumar Dhar, Daret K St Clair
May 22, 2009·Journal of Neurochemistry·Hyman M SchipperDavid Zeligman
Nov 13, 2009·Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine·Ol'ga VančováGjumrakch Aliev
Nov 17, 2004·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Hyman M Schipper
Jul 3, 2004·Ageing Research Reviews·Hyman M Schipper
Aug 26, 1998·Experimental Neurology·H M SchipperJ R Brawer
Nov 26, 1998·Microscopy Research and Technique·H M Schipper
Feb 24, 2001·Human & Experimental Toxicology·V W Pentreath, N D Slamon
Aug 5, 2017·Antioxidants·Gethin J McBean
Jul 21, 1998·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·J BusciglioO Toussaint
Dec 9, 2003·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Sun Young ParkMyung-Shik Lee

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