Reduced attentional capacity, but normal processing speed and shifting of attention in developmental dyslexia: evidence from a serial task

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
Cristina RomaniAndrew Olson

Abstract

We report the performance of a group of adult dyslexics and matched controls in an array-matching task where two strings of either consonants or symbols are presented side by side and have to be judged to be the same or different. The arrays may differ either in the order or identity of two adjacent characters. This task does not require naming - which has been argued to be the cause of dyslexics' difficulty in processing visual arrays - but, instead, has a strong serial component as demonstrated by the fact that, in both groups, Reaction times (RTs) increase monotonically with position of a mismatch. The dyslexics are clearly impaired in all conditions and performance in the identity conditions predicts performance across orthographic tasks even after age, performance IQ and phonology are partialled out. Moreover, the shapes of serial position curves are revealing of the underlying impairment. In the dyslexics, RTs increase with position at the same rate as in the controls (lines are parallel) ruling out reduced processing speed or difficulties in shifting attention. Instead, error rates show a catastrophic increase for positions which are either searched later or more subject to interference. These results are consistent with...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 9, 2011·Experimental Brain Research·Liselotte de Boer-Schellekens, Jean Vroomen
Apr 18, 2012·Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior·Jennifer A Foley, Laura Valkonen
May 6, 2011·Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior·Laura Valkonen, Joanna Brooks
Mar 22, 2012·Dyslexia : the Journal of the British Dyslexia Association·Sylviane ValdoisMuriel Lobier
Sep 24, 2014·The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology : QJEP·Cristina RomaniAndrew Olson
Jun 26, 2012·Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior·Laura Valkonen, Natascia De Lucia
Nov 2, 2014·Frontiers in Psychology·Johanna BogonPrisca Stenneken
Feb 14, 2020·PloS One·Chiara Valeria MarinelliCristina Romani
Jan 28, 2021·Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology·Catia Margarida OliveiraJenny M Thomson
Mar 7, 2020·Vision Research·Elizabeth Carolina JiménezHans Supèr

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