PMID: 11317467Apr 25, 2001Paper

Reducing cardiovascular risk in diabetes. Which factors to modify first?

Postgraduate Medicine
R G Spanheimer

Abstract

Up to 80% of diabetic patients die of macrovascular complications, including CAD, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. Because of the growing numbers of diabetic patients and the increased mortality after their first cardiovascular event, it is critical to identify and treat risk factors early and aggressively in these patients. Numerous studies in patients with type 2 diabetes have shown the benefits of aggressive treatment of blood pressure and lipids to levels that 10 years ago would have seemed abnormally low. The downward changes in "normal" limits can be frustrating to primary care physicians, but advances in treatment are redefining "normal" levels required to avoid complications in this high-risk population.

References

Sep 30, 1993·The New England Journal of Medicine·UNKNOWN Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research GroupC Siebert
Apr 3, 1997·The New England Journal of Medicine·P M RidkerC H Hennekens
Dec 5, 1998·The New England Journal of Medicine·UNKNOWN Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group
Jan 20, 2000·The New England Journal of Medicine·UNKNOWN Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study InvestigatorsG Dagenais
Jun 27, 2000·Diabetes/metabolism Research and Reviews·J P BastardB Hainque

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Citations

Mar 20, 2003·Current Diabetes Reports·C J Segal-IsaacsonJ Wylie-Rosett
Jan 7, 2005·Cell Stress & Chaperones·Claire Hunter-LavinJohn H H Williams
Sep 26, 2003·Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology·J KaragiannisC G Li
Dec 5, 2002·The Journal of the American Dental Association·Arthur H FriedlanderDean C Norman

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