Reducing Sodium Intake in Children: A Public Health Investment

The Journal of Clinical Hypertension
Lawrence J AppelLaurie Whitsel

Abstract

The antecedents of elevated blood pressure (BP) and its major consequences (cardiovascular disease and stroke) begin in childhood. Higher levels of BP early in life track into adulthood and are associated with subclinical target organ damage in children and adults. Diet behaviors, including the choice of high sodium containing foods, are established during childhood. On average, children, ages 2-19, consume more than 3,100 mg of sodium per day, with substantially greater sodium intakes in boys than girls. Importantly, studies show that lowering sodium intake in children lowers blood pressure. In view of this evidence, U.S. Dietary Guidelines recommend a reduced sodium intake in children. Current federal nutrition standards include a step-wise reduction in the sodium levels of school meals. The ultimate goal is to help children achieve daily sodium intakes that do not exceed upper levels recommended by the Institute of Medicine and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. In summary, available data are sufficiently strong to recommend a lower sodium intake beginning in early in life as an effective and well-tolerated approach to reducing BP in children. Current efforts to weaken nutrition standards for school meals undermine an eff...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 18, 2016·Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research : a Publication of Dietitians of Canada = Revue Canadienne De La Pratique Et De La Recherche En Diététique : Une Publication Des Diététistes Du Canada·Adriana N MudryjB Nancy Yu
May 10, 2017·The Journal of Clinical Hypertension·Jennifer Chmielewski, J Bryan Carmody
Oct 5, 2017·The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity·Erica C JansenKaren E Peterson
Jun 5, 2020·Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research : a Publication of Dietitians of Canada = Revue Canadienne De La Pratique Et De La Recherche En Diététique : Une Publication Des Diététistes Du Canada·Tracy EverittHassanali Vatanparast
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Methods Mentioned

BETA
urine collection

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