Reduction of the Powerful Greenhouse Gas N2O in the South-Eastern Indian Ocean

PloS One
Eric J RaesAnya M Waite

Abstract

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a powerful greenhouse gas and a key catalyst of stratospheric ozone depletion. Yet, little data exist about the sink and source terms of the production and reduction of N2O outside the well-known oxygen minimum zones (OMZ). Here we show the presence of functional marker genes for the reduction of N2O in the last step of the denitrification process (nitrous oxide reductase genes; nosZ) in oxygenated surface waters (180-250 O2 μmol.kg(-1)) in the south-eastern Indian Ocean. Overall copy numbers indicated that nosZ genes represented a significant proportion of the microbial community, which is unexpected in these oxygenated waters. Our data show strong temperature sensitivity for nosZ genes and reaction rates along a vast latitudinal gradient (32°S-12°S). These data suggest a large N2O sink in the warmer Tropical waters of the south-eastern Indian Ocean. Clone sequencing from PCR products revealed that most denitrification genes belonged to Rhodobacteraceae. Our work highlights the need to investigate the feedback and tight linkages between nitrification and denitrification (both sources of N2O, but the latter also a source of bioavailable N losses) in the understudied yet strategic Indian Ocean and other ol...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1980·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·T Yoshinari
Feb 25, 2000·Nature·S RadajewskiJ C Murrell
Oct 9, 2003·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·J J RichD D Myrold
Apr 22, 2005·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Marcel M M KuypersMike S M Jetten
Jan 12, 2007·Nature·Curtis DeutschJohn P Dunne
Jul 3, 2007·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Maureen A O'Malley
Jan 19, 2008·Nature·Nicolas Gruber, James N Galloway
May 3, 2008·Science·Lothar StrammaVolker Mohrholz
Mar 4, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Phyllis LamMarcel M M Kuypers
Dec 17, 2009·The ISME Journal·Hang GaoMarcel M M Kuypers
Mar 13, 2010·Science·Louis A Codispoti
Jan 22, 2011·Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences : Official Journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·Janet F BornmanXiaoyan Tang
Dec 7, 2011·Anaesthesia·A Patel, A Pearce
Dec 6, 2011·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Harry R HarhangiHuub J M Op den Camp
Mar 28, 2012·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Alina FreingHermann W Bange
May 29, 2013·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Maren VossBess Ward

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Mar 2, 2017·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Mengyao GuiJinren Ni
Dec 2, 2017·Environmental Microbiology·Christopher J Coates, Michael Wyman
Jan 19, 2021·Environmental Microbiology Reports·Anthony D BertagnolliFrank J Stewart
Jul 14, 2020·Environmental Science & Technology·Lan WuBing-Jie Ni

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

Arb
IMOS
Argo
Geneious®

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.