Refining the Maritime Foundations of Andean Civilization : How Plant Fiber Technology Drove Social Complexity During the Preceramic Period

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory
David Beresford-JonesCharles French

Abstract

Moseley's (1975) Maritime Foundations of Andean Civilization hypothesis challenges, in one of humanity's few pristine hearths of civilization, the axiom that agriculture is necessary for the rise of complex societies. We revisit that hypothesis by setting new findings from La Yerba II (7571-6674 Cal bp) and III (6485-5893 Cal bp), Río Ica estuary, alongside the wider archaeological record for the end of the Middle Preceramic Period on the Peruvian coast. The La Yerba record evinces increasing population, sedentism, and "Broad Spectrum Revolution" features, including early horticulture of Phaseolus and Canavalia beans. Yet unlike further north, these changes failed to presage the florescence of monumental civilization during the subsequent Late Preceramic Period. Instead, the south coast saw a profound "archaeological silence." These contrasting trajectories had little to do with any relative differences in marine resources, but rather to restrictions on the terrestrial resources that determined a society's capacity to intensify exploitation of those marine resources. We explain this apparent miscarriage of the Maritime Foundations of Andean Civilization (MFAC) hypothesis on the south coast of Peru by proposing more explicit lin...Continue Reading

References

Dec 8, 2004·TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik·Ola T WestengenManfred Heun
Jun 30, 2007·Science·Tom D DillehayDavid E Williams
Jan 18, 1991·Science·J QuilterE S Wing
Apr 13, 1973·Science·S G Stephens, M E Moseley
Sep 23, 2008·Evolution & Development·Bhupendra ChaudharyJonathan F Wendel
Aug 15, 2012·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Pablo A MarquetMichael E Hochberg
Aug 12, 2014·Science·Matthieu CarréDanièle Lavallée
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Methods Mentioned

BETA
light microscopy

Software Mentioned

OxCal

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