Reforming medical education in ethics and humanities by finding common ground with Abraham Flexner

Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges
David J DoukasStephen Wear

Abstract

Abraham Flexner was commissioned by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching to conduct the 1910 survey of all U.S. and Canadian medical schools because medical education was perceived to lack rigor and strong learning environments. Existing proprietary schools were shown to have inadequate student scholarship and substandard faculty and teaching venues. Flexner's efforts and those of the American Medical Association resulted in scores of inadequate medical schools being closed and the curricula of the survivors being radically changed. Flexner presumed that medical students would already be schooled in the humanities in college. He viewed the humanities as essential to physician development but did not explicitly incorporate this position into his 1910 report, although he emphasized this point in later writings. Medical ethics and humanities education since 1970 has sought integration with the sciences in medical school. Most programs, however, are not well integrated with the scientific/clinical curriculum, comprehensive across four years of training, or cohesive with nationally formulated goals and objectives. The authors propose a reformation of medical humanities teaching in medical schools inspired by Flexn...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 5, 2013·Advances in Health Sciences Education : Theory and Practice·Brett Schrewe
Sep 6, 2013·The Journal of Medical Humanities·Jay M Baruch
Oct 22, 2010·The American Journal of Medicine·David J DoukasStephen Wear
Oct 29, 2010·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·Garrett Riggs
Mar 1, 2012·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·David J DoukasUNKNOWN Project to Rebalance and Integrate Medical Education (PRIME) Investigators
Nov 21, 2012·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·Charles S Bryan, Lawrence D Longo
Sep 28, 2013·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·David J DoukasUNKNOWN Project to Rebalance and Integrate Medical Education (PRIME) Investigators
Aug 11, 2012·Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA·Megan Curran
Oct 7, 2014·The Journal of Medical Humanities·Cheryl J Erwin
Jun 3, 2015·Chest·Paul J Hutchison
Oct 25, 2011·The American Journal of Medicine·Stephen A Geraci, S Calvin Thigpen
Jan 18, 2013·Medical Education·Alan Bleakley, Robert Marshall
May 16, 2014·Journal of Interprofessional Care·Pippa HallLara Varpio
May 23, 2015·Academic Psychiatry : the Journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry·Benoit Dubé, Marcia L Verduin
May 3, 2014·São Paulo Medical Journal = Revista Paulista De Medicina·José Baddini-Martinez
May 16, 2014·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·Justin N HallMark D Hanson
Apr 27, 2018·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·David J Doukas, Rebecca L Volpe
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Dec 30, 2014·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·David J DoukasSusan E Lederer
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