PMID: 8963128Aug 1, 1996Paper

Refractive errors and strabismus in premature infants

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft
A A ZubcovN Stärk

Abstract

We aimed to investigate the incidence of refractive errors and strabismus in premature infants relative to their individual birth weight. We investigated 107 premature infants with birth weight < 1250 g (group A, n = 54) and > 1250 g (group B, n = 53). All children were evaluated at the ages of 6 and 24 months for their spherical equivalent and the presence of high myopia (< or = 6.0 D) and strabismus. At 6 months the spherical equivalent was -0.93 +/- 4.2 D in group A and 1.09 +/- 1.9 D in group B, at 24 months -0.75 +/- 5.0 D vs 1.44 +/- 1.9 D (P < 0.01). At 6 months the incidence of high myopia was 10% in group A and 0% in group B, at 2 years 12% vs 2% (P < 0.01). Low birth weight and a long period of artificial ventilation correlated with the development of high myopia. At 6 months 21% of group A and 8.5% of group B showed strabismus, at 2 years 25% vs. 8.5% (P < 0.01). Because of the increased incidence of high myopia and strabismus we recommend routine retinoscopy and orthoptic evaluation at the age of 6 months in every child weighing less than 1250 g at birth.

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