Refreshing one of several active representations: behavioral and functional magnetic resonance imaging differences between young and older adults.

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Carol L RayeMarcia K Johnson

Abstract

We explored age-related differences in executive function during selection of a target from among active representations. Refreshing (thinking briefly of a just-activated representation) is an executive process that foregrounds a target relative to other active representations. In a behavioral study, participants saw one or three words, then saw a cue to refresh one of the words, saw one word again and read it, or read a new word. Increasing the number of active representations increased response times (RTs) only in the refresh condition for young adults but increased RTs equally in all conditions for older adults, suggesting that they experienced interference from activated irrelevant information during perception and reflection. Consistent with this interpretation, in a functional magnetic resonance imaging study, young adults showed two areas of the left dorsolateral frontal cortex and a medial area of frontal cortex, including anterior cingulate, that were relatively more sensitive to number of active representations during refresh than read trials; for older adults these areas were equally sensitive to number of active items for refresh and read trials. Young and older adults showed activity associated with refreshing on t...Continue Reading

References

Jul 1, 1992·Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography·R P WoodsJ C Mazziotta
Dec 1, 1991·Psychology and Aging·S L ConnellyR T Zacks
Jan 1, 1991·Annual Review of Psychology·L L Light
May 1, 1995·Magnetic Resonance in Medicine : Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine·S D FormanD C Noll
Jul 1, 1996·Memory & Cognition·B L Chalfonte, M K Johnson
Jun 1, 1996·Computers and Biomedical Research, an International Journal·R W Cox
Feb 7, 1998·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·S L Thompson-SchillM J Farah
Jul 8, 1998·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J JonidesP A Reuter-Lorenz
Jun 23, 1999·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·M D'EspositoE E Smith
Nov 30, 1999·Memory & Cognition·C P MayM J Kane
Aug 8, 2001·Psychological Review·M M BotvinickJ D Cohen
Jul 26, 2002·Brain and Cognition·Michael P MilhamNeal J Cohen
Aug 30, 2002·Trends in Cognitive Sciences·Patricia Reuter-Lorenz
Jan 24, 2004·Psychological Science·Marcia K JohnsonErich J Greene
Jun 30, 2004·Psychology and Aging·Ingrid R OlsonJulie A Higgins
Sep 28, 2004·Psychological Science·Brian GonsalvesKen A Paller
May 5, 2005·Journal of Experimental Psychology. General·Larry L JacobyJeffrey P Toth
Sep 15, 2005·Nature Neuroscience·Adam GazzaleyMark D'Esposito
Nov 1, 2005·NeuroImage·Karen J MitchellErich J Greene
Jan 7, 2006·Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience·Marcia K JohnsonCharles A Sanislow
Feb 8, 2006·Trends in Cognitive Sciences·Fergus I M Craik, Ellen Bialystok
Mar 6, 2007·Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior·Carol L RayeMatthew R Johnson
Aug 25, 2007·Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews·David Badre, Anthony D Wagner
Dec 15, 2007·Current Directions in Psychological Science·David J Madden
Jul 1, 1992·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·M K Johnson

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 30, 2013·Neuropsychologia·Karen J MitchellMarcia K Johnson
Feb 4, 2010·Neuroreport·Karen J MitchellMarcia K Johnson
Apr 30, 2009·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Hwamee Oh, Hoi-Chung Leung
Nov 26, 2009·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Soojin ParkMarcia K Johnson
Feb 19, 2009·Memory & Cognition·Julie A Higgins, Marcia K Johnson
Dec 25, 2013·Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience·Tor D WagerEdward E Smith
Nov 1, 2008·Developmental Psychobiology·Duncan E Astle, Gaia Scerif
May 1, 2010·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Cognitive Science·Mara Mather
Aug 14, 2013·Child Development·Andria ShimiGaia Scerif
Jan 6, 2015·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Alessandra S SouzaKlaus Oberauer
Jul 28, 2011·Neurobiology of Aging·Gary R Turner, R Nathan Spreng
May 15, 2012·Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior·Michael CliffSukhwinder S Shergill
Jun 5, 2015·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·George WallisAnna Christina Nobre
Jun 8, 2018·The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences·Gabriel JarjatPascal Hot
Jan 17, 2020·The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences·Ted MaldonadoJessica A Bernard
Feb 12, 2020·The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences·Gabriel JarjatVanessa M Loaiza

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.