Regeneration of descending projections in Xenopus laevis tadpole spinal cord demonstrated by retrograde double labeling

Brain Research
Kurt M Gibbs, Ben G Szaro

Abstract

Xenopus laevis tadpoles functionally recover from spinal cord transection. Because this recovery requires the tadpole to metamorphose, it may result from compensatory changes initiated by de novo growth of axons involved in limb dominant locomotion rather than from regeneration of cut axons. To determine whether axonal regrowth contributes to functional recovery, sequential retrograde double labeling with two fluorescent dextran amines was used to identify neurons with regenerated axons. Rhodamine dextran amine was applied to hemisected spinal cords of prometamorphic tadpoles between the 4th and 5th vertebrae. After metamorphosis, in animals that had recovered movement, fluorescein dextran amine was applied to the lumbar spinal cord. Two weeks later, the CNS of these animals was examined for the presence of double-labeled neurons, i.e., those whose axons had regenerated. Double-labeled neurons were found in the reticular, raphe, and solitary tract nuclei, and in the interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus. Because Xenopus expresses all the known mammalian molecular inhibitors of CNS axon regeneration, the determination that these phylogenetically conserved populations of neurons are indeed capable of axon reg...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Jun 27, 2007·ILAR Journal·Dorcas P O'Rourke
Feb 9, 2016·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology·Burcu ErdoganLaura Anne Lowery
Nov 10, 2010·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Kurt M GibbsBen G Szaro
Apr 16, 2013·The Biochemical Journal·Juan Felipe Diaz Quiroz, Karen Echeverri
May 18, 2018·Cold Spring Harbor Protocols·Kurt M Gibbs, Ben G Szaro
Feb 7, 2019·Developmental Neurobiology·Polina D FreitasJames R Monaghan
Jun 30, 2021·The Journal of Physiology·Gal HaspelJennifer R Morgan

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