Regional on-road vehicle running emissions modeling and evaluation for conventional and alternative vehicle technologies

Environmental Science & Technology
H Christopher FreyNagui M Rouphail

Abstract

This study presents a methodology for estimating high-resolution, regional on-road vehicle emissions and the associated reductions in air pollutant emissions from vehicles that utilize alternative fuels or propulsion technologies. The fuels considered are gasoline, diesel, ethanol, biodiesel, compressed natural gas, hydrogen, and electricity. The technologies considered are internal combustion or compression engines, hybrids, fuel cell, and electric. Road link-based emission models are developed using modal fuel use and emission rates applied to facility- and speed-specific driving cycles. For an urban case study, passenger cars were found to be the largest sources of HC, CO, and CO(2) emissions, whereas trucks contributed the largest share of NO(x) emissions. When alternative fuel and propulsion technologies were introduced in the fleet at a modest market penetration level of 27%, their emission reductions were found to be 3-14%. Emissions for all pollutants generally decreased with an increase in the market share of alternative vehicle technologies. Turnover of the light duty fleet to newer Tier 2 vehicles reduced emissions of HC, CO, and NO(x) substantially. However, modest improvements in fuel economy may be offset by VMT g...Continue Reading

References

Jan 14, 2003·Environmental Science & Technology·H Christopher Frey, Junyu Zheng
Aug 29, 2003·Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association·H Christopher FreyJames D Colyar
Aug 29, 2006·Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association·C Andrew MillerJ David Mobley
Nov 27, 2008·Environmental Science & Technology·Haibo ZhaiNagui M Rouphail

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Citations

Dec 11, 2014·Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·Theodore J MansfieldJacqueline MacDonald Gibson
Oct 17, 2014·Environmental Science & Technology·Michael N Taptich, Arpad Horvath

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