Regulated virulence controls the ability of a pathogen to compete with the gut microbiota.

Science
Nobuhiko KamadaGabriel Núñez

Abstract

The virulence mechanisms that allow pathogens to colonize the intestine remain unclear. Here, we show that germ-free animals are unable to eradicate Citrobacter rodentium, a model for human infections with attaching and effacing bacteria. Early in infection, virulence genes were expressed and required for pathogen growth in conventionally raised mice but not germ-free mice. Virulence gene expression was down-regulated during the late phase of infection, which led to relocation of the pathogen to the intestinal lumen where it was outcompeted by commensals. The ability of commensals to outcompete C. rodentium was determined, at least in part, by the capacity of the pathogen and commensals to grow on structurally similar carbohydrates. Thus, pathogen colonization is controlled by bacterial virulence and through competition with metabolically related commensals.

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Citations

Nov 20, 2012·Nature·Alline R PachecoVanessa Sperandio
Jan 22, 2013·Nature Immunology·Francisco GuarnerGabriel Núñez
Jun 20, 2013·Nature Immunology·Nobuhiko KamadaGabriel Núñez
Aug 8, 2012·Nature Medicine·Nobuhiko KamadaGabriel Núñez
Oct 18, 2013·Nature Reviews. Cancer·Robert F Schwabe, Christian Jobin
Apr 27, 2013·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Nobuhiko KamadaGabriel Núñez
Oct 8, 2013·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Charlie G Buffie, Eric G Pamer
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