Abstract
In plants, betaine is synthesized upon abiotic stress via choline oxidation, in which choline monooxygenase (CMO) is a key enzyme. Although it had been thought that betaine synthesis is well regulated to protect abiotic stress, it is shown here that an exogenous supply of precursors such as choline, serine, and glycine in the betaine-accumulating plant Amaranthus tricolor further enhances the accumulation of betaine under salt stress, but not under normal conditions. Addition of isonicotinic acid hydrazide, an inhibitor of glycine decarboxylase, inhibited the salinity-induced accumulation of betaine. Salt-induced accumulation of A. tricolor CMO (AmCMO) and betaine was much slower in roots than in leaves, and a transient accumulation of proline was observed in the roots. Antisense expression of AmCMO mRNA suppressed the salt-induced accumulation of AmCMO and betaine, but increased the level of choline approximately 2- 3-fold. This indicates that betaine synthesis is highly regulated by AmCMO expression. The genomic DNA, including the upstream region (1.6 kbp), of AmCMO was isolated. Deletion analysis of the AmCMO promoter region revealed that the 410 bp fragment upstream of the translation start codon contains the sequence respo...Continue Reading
Citations
Nov 6, 2010·Planta·Tagnon D MissihounDorothea Bartels
Jun 21, 2012·Biotechnology Letters·Lian YuQiuli Li
Mar 29, 2014·PloS One·Ankur R BhardwajManu Agarwal
Mar 18, 2010·Yi chuan = Hereditas·Li-Ping ZhuQiu-Li Li
Aug 4, 2009·Journal of Plant Physiology·Nana YamadaTeruhiro Takabe
Aug 25, 2015·Plant Physiology and Biochemistry : PPB·Nana YamadaTeruhiro Takabe
Aug 26, 2009·Plant Biotechnology Journal·Alexandre FoitoSusanne Barth
Oct 16, 2010·Plant, Cell & Environment·Tony H H Chen, Norio Murata
Jan 16, 2015·Journal of Plant Physiology·Koichi TsutsumiTeruhiro Takabe
May 17, 2012·FEMS Microbiology Letters·Rungaroon Waditee-SirisatthaTeruhiro Takabe
Jul 26, 2016·Frontiers in Plant Science·Yongxue ZhangBing Yu
May 28, 2017·Protoplasma·Kunihide KitoTeruhiro Takabe
Mar 23, 2019·Frontiers in Plant Science·Maria Grazia AnnunziataPetronia Carillo
Oct 30, 2018·Frontiers in Plant Science·Zijian XuFei Qiao
Jul 3, 2021·Metabolites·Rafael J L MorcilloHuiming Zhang
Jul 31, 2013·Journal of Proteome Research·Richard P JacobyNicolas L Taylor
Sep 23, 2021·ACS Chemical Neuroscience·Dipak D PukaleNic D Leipzig
Aug 29, 2021·Plant & Cell Physiology·Seth A StromDean E Riechers