Regulation of bile acid synthesis

Frontiers in Bioscience : a Journal and Virtual Library
J Y Chiang

Abstract

Bile acids are important physiological agents required for disposal of cholesterol and absorption of vitamins and fats. Bile acids are synthesized from cholesterol in the liver. Enterohepatic circulation of bile acids is very efficient and plays an important physiological role in lipid absorption and secretion, and regulation of bile acid biosynthesis and cholesterol homeostasis. Conversion of cholesterol to bile acids requires 15 different enzymatic steps. Four cytochrome P450 enzymes play important roles in bile acid biosynthesis. The classic bile acid biosynthesis pathway starts with modification of the sterol ring and followed by side chain cleavage reactions to synthesize cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), the primary bile acids in most species. The first and rate-limiting enzyme in this pathway is cholesterol 7alpha -hydroxylase, a microsomal cytochrome P450, CYP7A. Another microsomal cytochrome P450 sterol 12alpha-hydroxylase (CYP12) is required for the synthesis of cholic acid. Mitochondrial cytochrome P450 sterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27) catalyzes sterol side chain oxidation to convert C27 sterol to C24 bile acids. An alternative bile acid biosynthesis pathway (acidic) has been known for sometime but only...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 11, 2003·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·John Y L Chiang
Jun 18, 2003·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·James O'ByrneStefan E H Alexson
Aug 23, 2003·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Li WangDavid D Moore
Mar 25, 2004·Drug Metabolism and Disposition : the Biological Fate of Chemicals·David S RiddickJohn Y L Chiang
Dec 2, 2006·European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics·S KevresanM Mikov
Apr 14, 2009·Journal of Neurology·Chiara CriscuoloGiuseppe De Michele
Dec 8, 2009·Journal of Lipid Research·Tiangang LiJohn Y L Chiang
Jun 11, 2010·Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry·Alisha D HowardJose L Soulages
Feb 22, 2012·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Marco BertolottiMarina Del Puppo
Jun 1, 2012·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Wen ChenPing Chang
May 28, 2013·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Guoxiang XieWei Jia
Dec 10, 2013·Food & Function·You-Liang HsiehCheng-Hong Hsieh
Jun 22, 2014·Experimental Biology and Medicine·Jessica TsueiYu-Jui Yvonne Wan
Jan 30, 2016·Future Medicinal Chemistry·Christina LamersManfred Schubert-Zsilavecz
Nov 27, 2016·Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·Dénes ZádoriPéter Klivényi
Sep 21, 2018·Current Diabetes Reports·Karolina E Zaborska, Bethany P Cummings
Jan 27, 1999·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·S Janciauskiene, S Lindgren
Sep 25, 1999·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·S J Karpen
Oct 19, 2001·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·C J SinalF J Gonzalez
Jul 29, 2005·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Misaki KojimaMasakuni Degawa
Jan 26, 2006·Drug Metabolism and Disposition : the Biological Fate of Chemicals·Irina A Pikuleva
Jun 29, 2006·Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology·Xiong LiuKiyoshi Ebihara
Oct 7, 2006·Current Opinion in Gastroenterology·S J Karpen, J M Crawford
Jun 2, 2007·Hepatology Research : the Official Journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology·Junichi ShodaHiroshi Suzuki
Oct 10, 2007·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Kwang-Hoon SongJohn Y L Chiang
Feb 3, 2009·The Journal of Toxicological Sciences·Hiroshi KawaiAtsushi Mitsumoto
Apr 7, 2009·Journal of Lipid Research·John Y L Chiang
Oct 26, 2007·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Elina Sievänen
Oct 13, 2011·Journal of Lipids·Tiangang Li, John Y L Chiang
Jul 29, 2009·PPAR Research·Tiangang Li, John Y L Chiang
Oct 15, 2013·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Hongfei FuLiguo Yang
Nov 20, 2012·Drug Metabolism and Disposition : the Biological Fate of Chemicals·Peng ZhangQing-Yu Zhang

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.