Regulation of carbamoylphosphate synthesis in Escherichia coli: an amazing metabolite at the crossroad of arginine and pyrimidine biosynthesis

Amino Acids
D CharlierM Roovers

Abstract

In all organisms, carbamoylphosphate (CP) is a precursor common to the synthesis of arginine and pyrimidines. In Escherichia coli and most other Gram-negative bacteria, CP is produced by a single enzyme, carbamoylphosphate synthase (CPSase), encoded by the carAB operon. This particular situation poses a question of basic physiological interest: what are the metabolic controls coordinating the synthesis and distribution of this high-energy substance in view of the needs of both pathways? The study of the mechanisms has revealed unexpected moonlighting gene regulatory activities of enzymes and functional links between mechanisms as diverse as gene regulation and site-specific DNA recombination. At the level of enzyme production, various regulatory mechanisms were found to cooperate in a particularly intricate transcriptional control of a pair of tandem promoters. Transcription initiation is modulated by an interplay of several allosteric DNA-binding transcription factors using effector molecules from three different pathways (arginine, pyrimidines, purines), nucleoid-associated factors (NAPs), trigger enzymes (enzymes with a second unlinked gene regulatory function), DNA remodeling (bending and wrapping), UTP-dependent reiterativ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 4, 2019·Amino Acids·Daniel Charlier, Indra Bervoets
Aug 4, 2020·ELife·Mona HoyosKai Papenfort
Mar 6, 2021·Current Microbiology·Ulrike BlaschkeGottfried Wilharm

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
footprinting
atomic force microscopy
in vitro transcription
SELEX
ChIP
electrophoretic mobility shift
two hybrid

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