Regulation of CD4+ T-cell contraction during pathogen challenge.

Immunological Reviews
K Kai McKinstrySusan L Swain

Abstract

Signals orchestrating productive CD4+ T-cell responses are well documented; however, the regulation of contraction of CD4+ T-cell effector populations following the resolution of primary immune responses is not well understood. While distinct mechanisms of T-cell death have been defined, the relative importance of discrete death pathways during the termination of immune responses in vivo remains unclear. Here, we review the current understanding of cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic variables that regulate contraction of CD4+ T-cell effector populations through multiple pathways that operate both initially during T-cell priming and later during the effector phase. We discuss the relative importance of antigen-dependent and -independent mechanisms of CD4+ T-cell contraction during in vivo responses, with a special emphasis on influenza virus infection. In this model, we highlight the roles of greater differentiation and presence in the lung of CD4+ effector T cells, as well as their polarization to particular T-helper subsets, in maximizing contraction. We also discuss the role of autocrine interleukin-2 in limiting the extent of contraction, and we point out that these same factors regulate contraction during secondary CD4+ T-cell r...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 28, 2013·Archivum Immunologiae Et Therapiae Experimentalis·K Kai McKinstryTara M Strutt
Jan 24, 2012·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Susan L SwainTara M Strutt
Jan 8, 2013·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Andreia P SoaresWillem A Hanekom
Jul 24, 2012·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·K Kai McKinstrySusan L Swain
Mar 3, 2015·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Guangwei LiuRuifu Yang
Aug 21, 2013·Immunological Reviews·Laura F Su, Mark M Davis
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Dec 18, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Miren ZuazoDavid Escors

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