Regulation of cortical activity and arousal by the matrix cells of the ventromedial thalamic nucleus

Nature Communications
Sakiko HonjohChiara Cirelli

Abstract

The "non-specific" ventromedial thalamic nucleus (VM) has long been considered a candidate for mediating cortical arousal due to its diffuse, superficial projections, but direct evidence was lacking. Here, we show in mice that the activity of VM calbindin1-positive matrix cells is high in wake and REM sleep and low in NREM sleep, and increases before cortical activity at the sleep-to-wake transition. Optogenetic stimulation of VM cells rapidly awoke all mice from NREM sleep and consistently caused EEG activation during slow wave anesthesia, while arousal did not occur from REM sleep. Conversely, chemogenetic inhibition of VM decreased wake duration. Optogenetic activation of the "specific" ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) did not cause arousal from either NREM or REM sleep. Thus, matrix cells in VM produce arousal and broad cortical activation during NREM sleep and slow wave anesthesia in a way that accounts for the effects classically attributed to "non-specific" thalamic nuclei.

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Citations

Oct 17, 2019·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Antoine R AdamantidisThomas C Gent
Sep 24, 2019·Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience·Jaan AruTalis Bachmann
Jan 31, 2019·Annual Review of Neuroscience·Danqian Liu, Yang Dan
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Nov 29, 2021·Behavioural Brain Research·Vassiliy Tsytsarev

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic

Key Resources (RRID) Mentioned

SCR_002448

Software Mentioned

Matlab
European Format EDF
SWANT
FieldTrip toolbox
SleepSign
lme4
R
multcomp

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