Regulation of Monocyte-Macrophage Responses in Cirrhosis-Role of Innate Immune Programming and Checkpoint Receptors

Frontiers in Immunology
Antonio Riva, Gautam Mehta

Abstract

Many aspects of the innate immune system have been studied in cirrhosis, and abnormalities have been described supporting both a pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory phenotype of myeloid cells. However, the findings of these studies vary by stage of disease and methodology. The recent description of the syndrome of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) has refined our understanding of the natural history of cirrhosis. In this context, we review the regulatory mechanisms at play that contribute to the immune abnormalities described in advanced liver disease. Specifically, we review the evidence for epigenetic mechanisms regulating monocyte phenotype, and the role of checkpoint receptors on regulating innate and adaptive immune cell function.

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Aug 23, 2019·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Sheida MoghadamradAndrea De Gottardi
Jan 11, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Marta Ramirez-Pedraza, Mercedes Fernández
Oct 21, 2020·EMBO Molecular Medicine·Lara GibelliniAndrea Cossarizza
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Apr 20, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Arjuna Singanayagam, Evangelos Triantafyllou
May 28, 2021·Journal of Hepatology·Schalk Van der MerweAgustin Albillos
Jul 6, 2021·Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology·Xiaoshuang ZhouJia Yao

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
histone acetylation
antisense nucleotide

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