Regulation of ribosomal RNA production by RNA polymerase I: does elongation come first?

Genetics Research International
Benjamin AlbertOlivier Gadal

Abstract

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) production represents the most active transcription in the cell. Synthesis of the large rRNA precursors (35-47S) can be achieved by up to 150 RNA polymerase I (Pol I) enzymes simultaneously transcribing each rRNA gene. In this paper, we present recent advances made in understanding the regulatory mechanisms that control elongation. Built-in Pol I elongation factors, such as Rpa34/Rpa49 in budding yeast and PAF53/CAST in humans, are instrumental to the extremely high rate of rRNA production per gene. rRNA elongation mechanisms are intrinsically linked to chromatin structure and to the higher-order organization of the rRNA genes (rDNA). Factors such as Hmo1 in yeast and UBF1 in humans are key players in rDNA chromatin structure in vivo. Finally, elongation factors known to regulate messengers RNA production by RNA polymerase II are also involved in rRNA production and work cooperatively with Rpa49 in vivo.

References

Sep 17, 1977·British Medical Journal
Jan 1, 1979·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·T D Petes
May 1, 1991·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Y NogiM Nomura
Oct 1, 1987·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·L F Liu, J C Wang
Mar 1, 1988·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D K Trask, M T Muller
Jan 1, 1986·Annual Review of Biochemistry·B Sollner-Webb, J Tower
Mar 1, 1969·The British Journal of Surgery·K G Jamieson
May 1, 1973·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·L R OrrickH Busch
Oct 1, 1970·Journal of Cellular Physiology·R P Perry, D E Kelley
May 23, 1969·Science·O L Miller, B R Beatty
Aug 1, 1969·Experimental Cell Research·E Schweizer, H O Halvorson
Mar 1, 1982·Molecular and Cellular Biology·H S Judelson, V M Vogt
Jul 1, 1980·Cell·R M Grainger, N Maizels
Mar 16, 1995·Nature·R Lucchini, J M Sogo
Jul 1, 1993·Journal of General Microbiology·A ChindampornK Tanaka
Aug 15, 1993·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·M F ChristmanG R Fink
May 25, 1993·Nucleic Acids Research·R DammannJ M Sogo
Apr 18, 1998·The EMBO Journal·H GinistyP Bouvet
Nov 5, 1999·Trends in Biochemical Sciences·J R Warner
Apr 12, 2000·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·B MoorefieldR H Reeder

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Sep 11, 2012·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Bruce A Knutson, Steven Hahn
Jan 8, 2013·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Stephan HamperlJoachim Griesenbeck
Dec 3, 2016·Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR·Arvind Panday, Anne Grove
Nov 26, 2014·The Biochemical Journal·Swarna Gowri ThotaRashna Bhandari
Aug 5, 2017·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Hannah CrosslandPhilip J Atherton
Apr 1, 2018·BioEssays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology·Lorena Núñez VillacísKatherine M Hannan
Mar 18, 2017·Biophysics Reviews·Divakaran MurugesapillaiMark C Williams
May 11, 2021·Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences·Marina Barba-AliagaJosé E Pérez-Ortín

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
electron microscopy
two-hybrid
immunoprecipitation
ChIP

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.