Abstract
Senescence is a tumor-suppressive mechanism induced by telomere shortening, oncogenes, or chemotherapy treatment. Although it is clear that this suppressive pathway leads to a permanent arrest in primary cells, this might not be the case in cancer cells that have inactivated their suppressive pathways. We have recently shown that subpopulations of cells can escape chemotherapy-mediated senescence and emerge as more transformed cells that induce tumor formation, resist anoikis, and are more invasive. In this study, we characterized this emergence and showed that senescent cells favor tumor growth and metastasis, in vitro and in vivo. Senescence escape was regulated by secreted proteins produced during emergence. Among these, we identified thrombospondin-1 (TSP1), a protein produced by senescent cells that prevented senescence escape. Using SWATH quantitative proteomic analysis, we found that TSP1 can be detected in the serum of patients suffering from triple-negative breast cancer and that its low expression was associated with treatment failure. The results also indicate that senescence escape is explained by the emergence of CD47low cells that express a reduced level of CD47, the TSP1 receptor. The results show that CD47 expre...Continue Reading
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