Regulation of the T helper cell type 1 transcription factor T-bet in coeliac disease mucosa

Gut
Ivan MonteleoneFrancesco Pallone

Abstract

In coeliac disease (CD) mucosa, the histological lesion is associated with marked infiltration of T helper cell type 1 (Th1) cells. However, the molecular mechanisms which regulate Th1 cell differentiation in CD mucosa are unknown. To analyse expression of transcription factors which control the Th1 cell commitment in CD. Duodenal mucosal samples were taken from untreated CD patients and normal controls. Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin (IL)-4 RNA expression was examined in T lamina propria lymphocytes by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. T-bet and STAT-4, two Th1 promoting transcription factors, and STAT-6 and GATA-3, transcription factors which govern T helper cell type 2 (Th2) cell polarisation, were examined in duodenal biopsies by western blotting. The effect of gliadin and IFN-gamma on expression of T-bet was examined in an ex vivo culture of biopsies taken from normal and treated CD patients. As expected, IFN-gamma but not IL-4 RNA transcripts were increased in the mucosa of CD patients in comparison with controls. CD mucosal samples consistently exhibited higher levels of T-bet than controls. However, no difference in active STAT-4 expression was seen between CD patients and contr...Continue Reading

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