Reinforcement signaling of punishment versus relief in fruit flies

Learning & Memory
Christian KönigAyse Yarali

Abstract

Painful events establish opponent memories: cues that precede pain are remembered negatively, whereas cues that follow pain, thus coinciding with relief are recalled positively. How do individual reinforcement-signaling neurons contribute to this "timing-dependent valence-reversal?" We addressed this question using an optogenetic approach in the fruit fly. Two types of fly dopaminergic neuron, each comprising just one paired cell, indeed established learned avoidance of odors that preceded their photostimulation during training, and learned approach to odors that followed the photostimulation. This is in striking parallel to punishment versus relief memories reinforced by a real noxious event. For only one of these neuron types, both effects were strong enough for further analyses. Notably, interfering with dopamine biosynthesis in these neurons partially impaired the punishing effect, but not the relieving after-effect of their photostimulation. We discuss how this finding constraints existing computational models of punishment versus relief memories and introduce a new model, which also incorporates findings from mammals. Furthermore, whether using dopaminergic neuron photostimulation or a real noxious event, more prolonged p...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 4, 2019·Biology Letters·Christian KönigBertram Gerber
Jan 28, 2020·Journal of Neurogenetics·Yoshinori Aso, Gerald M Rubin
Jan 26, 2020·Journal of Neurogenetics·Jennifer WoitkuhnStephan J Sigrist
Mar 23, 2019·Learning & Memory·Aliće WeigleinBertram Gerber
Mar 30, 2021·Neuroscience Bulletin·Mohamed Adel, Leslie C Griffith
Apr 9, 2021·European Journal of Pain : EJP·Susanne BeckerMarcel Schweiker

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