Relating latent class membership to external variables: An overview.

The British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology
Zsuzsa Bakk, Jouni Kuha

Abstract

In this article we provide an overview of existing approaches for relating latent class membership to external variables of interest. We extend on the work of Nylund-Gibson et al. (Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2019, 26, 967), who summarize models with distal outcomes by providing an overview of most recommended modeling options for models with covariates and larger models with multiple latent variables as well. We exemplify the modeling approaches using data from the General Social Survey for a model with a distal outcome where underlying model assumptions are violated, and a model with multiple latent variables. We discuss software availability and provide example syntax for the real data examples in Latent GOLD.

References

Jan 4, 2012·Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health : CBMH·Eva MulderHjalmar van Marle
Jan 1, 2013·Structural Equation Modeling : a Multidisciplinary Journal·Stephanie T LanzaBethany C Bray
Jan 24, 2015·Structural Equation Modeling : a Multidisciplinary Journal·Bethany C BrayXianming Tan
Jun 21, 2017·Methodology : European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral & Social Sciences·John J DziakStephanie T Lanza
Nov 19, 2017·Psychometrika·Zsuzsa Bakk, Jouni Kuha
Oct 18, 2019·Educational and Psychological Measurement·Myungho ShinSehee Hong

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Software Mentioned

Latent GOLD
R
Latent
Python
GOLD
Mplus

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