Abstract
Reports among patients with coronary heart disease regarding the association between body mass index (BMI) and long-term mortality are inconsistent, ranging among linear, U-shaped, or inverse (the "obesity paradox") associations. BMI and mortality data were available for 12,466 men with chronic coronary heart disease. BMI was classified as <20 (lean), 20.0 to 22.99, 23.0 to 24.99 (reference), 25.0 to 26.99, 27.0 to 29.99, and >or=30 kg/m(2) (obese). Age-adjusted (direct methods) mortality was investigated within risk factor categories. Adjusted hazard ratios compared with the reference group were estimated using a Cox proportional-hazards model. Two thirds of the patients had BMIs >or=25 kg/m(2). A number of risk factors were progressively more frequent with increasing BMI (age, diabetes, past smoking, and metabolic components). Over a median follow-up period of 12 years, adjusted mortality rates per 1,000 patient-years followed a U-shaped association with BMI. The highest risk was noted in 148 lean (hazard ratio 1.41, 95% confidence interval 1.08 to 1.85) and 1,788 obese (hazard ratio 1.28, 95% confidence interval 1.15 to 1.42) patients. Mortality hazard in patients with BMIs of 20.0 to 29.99 kg/m(2) (84% of patients) did not ...Continue Reading
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