Relationship between Geography and Refractive Error from the UCLA Preschool Vision Program.

Ophthalmic Epidemiology
Emily K TamAnne L Coleman

Abstract

Using the screening data collected through the University of California, Los Angeles Preschool Vision Program (UPVP) that provides free vision screening to children 2.5 to 6 years of age attending public preschools in five Supervisory Districts in Los Angeles County, this paper explores whether geographic location of where children attended preschool affects the vision screening results. 62,936 children were screened using a handheld device (Nikon Retinomax) between academic years 2012 and 2015. The criteria for failing the screening was set to sphere of ≤ -3.25 diopters (D), sphere ≥ +1.75 D, or cylinder of ≥1.50 D in either eye, or inter-ocular difference of >2.00 D in spherical error (>1.50D in case of antimetropia) or ≥1.00 D in cylinder error. Higher fail rates were found among girls, Latino race, and those who primarily spoke Spanish at home. In addition, there was a geographical variance in screening outcomes among Supervisory Districts with District 1 having the highest fail rate and District 4 having the lowest fail rate. This paper provides preliminary evidence of geographic factors contributing to the development of refractive errors among preschoolers which may be used in future studies to address the unmet needs of...Continue Reading

References

May 26, 1999·Survey of Ophthalmology·E B CinerJ Schultz
Apr 17, 2007·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·UNKNOWN VISION IN PRESCHOOLERS STUDY GROUP
Jul 27, 2007·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Lisa A JonesKarla Zadnik
Apr 17, 2008·Archives of Ophthalmology·Kathryn A RoseSeang-Mei Saw
May 7, 2009·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Marjean Taylor Kulp, UNKNOWN Vision in Preschoolers Study Group
Jul 17, 2012·Health & Place·Benedict W WheelerMichael H Depledge
May 7, 2013·Experimental Eye Research·Amanda N FrenchKathryn A Rose
Nov 5, 2013·Ophthalmology·Gui-shuang YingUNKNOWN Vision In Preschoolers (VIP) Study Group
Apr 15, 2014·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Jiayan HuangUNKNOWN Vision in Preschoolers (VIP) Study Group
Oct 7, 2014·Preventive Medicine·Mathew P WhiteMichael H Depledge
Feb 11, 2015·Environment International·M P C CherrieN J Osborne
Feb 27, 2016·Journal of AAPOS : the Official Publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus·Shiva MehravaranAnne L Coleman
Mar 10, 2016·European Journal of Epidemiology·J Willem L TidemanCaroline C W Klaver
Sep 19, 2016·American Journal of Ophthalmology·Karen HendlerAnne L Coleman
Sep 6, 2017·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·UNKNOWN US Preventive Services Task ForceChien-Wen Tseng
Oct 14, 2018·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·Siofra Christine HarringtonVeronica O'Dwyer

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Journal of AAPOS : the Official Publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
Shiva MehravaranAnne L Coleman
California and Western Medicine
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved