Relationship between sunlight exposure and a key genetic alteration in basal cell carcinoma

Journal of the National Cancer Institute
M R GailaniA E Bale

Abstract

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin is the most common cancer in humans. Epidemiologic studies implicate sunlight exposure as one risk factor, but the limited association between BCCs and UVB radiation (i.e., UV radiation of a wavelength of 280-320 nm) suggests that additional factors must be involved. At the molecular level, not much is known about the role of specific environmental agents in the pathogenesis of BCCs. Point mutations of the types produced by UVB radiation are seen in the p53 gene (also known as TP53; chromosome 17p) of 40%-56% of BCCs. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 9q22, however, is the most frequent genetic alteration in these tumors, and its causative agent is unknown. We investigated whether the genetic alteration in chromosome 9 is common to all clinical subtypes of BCCs and whether inactivation of this putative tumor suppressor is related to sunlight exposure. The presence of UVB radiation-related point mutations in the p53 gene was used as an internal control for sunlight exposure to the precursor cells. Tumor and blood samples were obtained from skin cancer patients by a surgeon who used Mohs' micrographic surgical technique. Clinical information on each tumor included location, size, hi...Continue Reading

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Basal cell carcinoma is a form of malignant skin cancer found on the head and neck regions and has low rates of metastasis. Discover the latest research on basal cell carcinoma here.